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De Facto Pillars

We have based our work on these 4 key concepts, which became known as De Facto's pillars & consequently, all resources and tools produced by De Facto have their roots in one or more pillars

  • motiv-cog-hex

    Motivated Cognition

  • equiv-emph-hex

    Frames as Thinking Contexts

  • syst-causality-hex

    Systemic Causality

  • frames-hex

    Equivalency and Emphasis Frames

  • De Facto Guidebook for educators

    A practical guide for educators focusing on understanding of the pillars, alongside relevant examples and suggested activities

De Facto Framework

See our cognitive science-based framework, learn how mis- and disinformation work and what is their impact on education

  • 11 types of disinformation

    A list with detailed descriptions of the major disinformation types

  • Disinformation types: practical examples

    This is where we show you what each of the 11 disinformation types may look like!

  • venn-en

    Major disinformation categories and content types

    The 3 top-level disinformation categories

  • motivation-en

    Extended content - type matrix

    The extended matrix with disinformation categories, types and motivation for harmful impact

  • eggshell-en

    Eggshell model: establishing information credibility

    De Facto's Eggshell Model for information credibility: structural, analytical and practical aspects

  • cobweb-en

    Education-related layers & harm potential of content types

    The full-blown matrix extended with education-related layers and harm impact assessment

  • IO1-E-en

    Information mediums or information carriers

    The physical units which are used to pass information, with an education-related perspective

  • cards-set-facsimile

    De Facto Cognitive Imprints Cards set

    Digital copy of the cognitive imprints cards set of 1 map + 8 double-sided cards